INSIDE SCIENCE

 What Are Comets (comet facts) What we know about comets is that comets are small solar system bodies and they are usually made up of dust, ice and rock particles. These things are key to its nucleus. Observing comets has been a very special place in astronomy. Therefore, in astronomy, comets are divided into several parts: Short Period Comets and Long Period Comets. The orbits of almost all comets are highly eccentric, rising towards the sun and getting hot due to solar radiation and solar winds, from which we can see gas tails. What we know as comet tails, but this process is called outgassing. By the way, it has two tails, a gas tail and a dust tail. Comet tails can sometimes be as long as an astronomical unit.  Short Period Comets (interesting comet facts) Now let's talk about the features of the Short Period Comet, which originally came from the Kuiper Belt or also from the Scattered Disc. Also called periodic comets, their orbital period can be 200 years or less. At th...

  1. Pinwheel Galaxy Image source-google | Image by- Singh.kd81 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Pinwheel_Galaxy_-_M101.jpg Even the name of this galaxy makes it very special. It seems to be one of the most beautiful structures in the universe. It also knows as a name of Messier 101 or M 101. It is a face-on spiral galaxy that is 21 million light years away from us. Pinwheel Galaxy was first discovered in 1781 by Pierre Méchain. Such a structure makes it very special and different from other galaxies. Its properties are very similar to the Andromeda Galaxy.

NASA's Kepler space mission keeps a close eye on thousands of stars at all times, as transit methods are used to search for planets. It has searched many planets so far, its main task is to find Earth-like planets, but in search of this many very strange exoplanets have been discovered. Many of these are also very dangerous exoplanets whose environment can be said to be like hell. In addition, there are some exoplanets that were never expected to be discovered. 1. Kepler -37 b — strange exoplanet Now let's talk about an exoplanet that is only about the size of Earth's moon. It is named Kepler -37 b. The planet was discovered by astronomers in February 2013. The planet is the smallest exoplanet ever discovered to orbit a main sequence star.  Its main star is G-type main sequence star like sun. It is called a Sub-earth by scientists. It has a distance of 15 million kilometers from its star,  which makes it seem unlikely that it will have an atmosphere. At the same time t...

1. Pulsating Variable stars are stars in the universe that shrink and expand their outer layers to maintain    balance, Due to which their light fluctuates when viewed from the earth. Omicron Ceti star is its main   candidate. —  Interesting Facts About Stars

  1. Kepler - 90 Kepler-90 is a G-type main sequence star just like our Sun. This star is named 2 MASS JI857 4403 + 4918185. This name is too long for this star. G-type stars are also called yellow dwarf stars. Such stars process nuclear fusion by converting hydrogen into helium gas which produces energy. The Kepler-90 was discovered on December 14, 2017. Interestingly, it was discovered by NASA and Google. The data was analysed with the help of Google's machine learning method. It is also called Artificial Intelligence. The most important thing about the Kepler-90 star is that it has been confirmed to have 8 planets just like our solar system.  This star exist in the constellation Draco at a distance of 2,840 light years from us. The number of star and planets in this star system corresponds exactly to our solar system, with the possibility that many of its planets may be in the habitable zone. The surface temperature of Kepler-90 is assumed to be 5,700 Kelvin. The surface ...

1. A JOINT MISSION First and foremost, the James Webb space Telescope (jwst) is a joint mission of NASA-ESA and CSA space agencies. If you don't know about CSA, this is the Canadian Space Agency. It is being developed as a next generation space telescope. Which will replace the Hubble Space Telescope. It is manufactured by two companies. The first company is Northrop Grumman Corporation, an American global aerospace and defence technology company. The other company is called Ball Aerospace & technologies. This company is an American company known for making spacecraft and their components. The James Webb Space Telescope is being built at a very advanced level. Which will provide many times better Infrared resolution and Sensitivity than the Hubble Space Telescope. This will give us a lot of information about the galaxies that will be formed in the beginning after the birth of the universe. This will revolutionize our knowledge of astronomy and cosmology.𑁋james web space tele...

Discovering an object or event far away in the universe gives us answers to many questions and also raises new questions. To do this, space telescopes play an important role in the world of science, keeping an eye on different parts of the universe at all times. So many special space telescopes will be launched by various space agencies this year and in the near future. Through which we will learn a lot about this mysterious universe. 1. IXPE ( Space Mission) IXPE stands for The Imaging x-ray Polarimetry Explorer, a space observatory. What is special about this space telescope is that it has three identical telescopes that will help scientists in measuring the polarization of cosmic X-rays. With the help of this mission we will be able to study exotic astronomical objects in more depth. It will also help to understand the magnetic field of black holes. Which will also be able to map the magnetic field. Along with black holes we will also learn a lot about neutron stars, pulsars, quasar...

 1. Scientists say that the maximum temperature limit in our universe is 142 nonillion degrees Celsius. This is called plank temperature. 2. According to the biocentrism theory , our entire universe is only present when we observe it. 3. According to the Zoo Hypothesis we have been captured on this earth by an advanced alien civilization, and we are part of an experiment. 4. With any powerful telescope we can only see the universe 400,000 years after the Big Bang. There was no light to see before that. 5. In the entire universe, only 5% of ordinary matter exists, the remaining 95% is dark matter and dark energy , which is impossible to see and detect. 6. The diameter of the observable universe is about 93 Giga light years.   1 Giga light year means 1,000,000, 000 light years. 7. The brightest member of the Laniakea Supercluster is the Milky Way Galaxy. 8. According to scientists, there are more than 500 million planets in the Milky Way galaxy on which life is poss...

 1. Cyril’s star which is located about 13,000 light years from the Galactic Halo is estimated by scientists to be 12.5 billion years old. 2. The star named WR 102 is having a surface temperature of about 210,000k which makes it the hottest star of the universe. 3. The Constellation Hydra is the largest of all 88 constellations. There are 17 major stars in the Constellation Hydra. 4. The first exoplanet to be discovered by scientists is called Gamma Cephei Ab, and it is located 45 light years away from us. 5. Hyades is the closest open star cluster to us and is about 153 light years away. 6. The first Quasar to be discovered was named 3C48, which was detected in 1960. 7. The nearest black hole to the sun is called Qv Tel Ab or HR 6819, which is part of a triple star system just 1,200 light years away. 8.  A star named MACS J1149 lensed star 1 existed at a very large distance of about 14,400 million light years from us. 9. 4U 1700-37 is a neutron star and i...

1. Our time is determined by the rotation of the earth. The earth completes one Revolution around it in about 24 hours. This means that it has 84,400 seconds in 24 hours.  But recently scientists have suggested that the Earth’s speed is slightly faster than normal. Because of this our day is ending a little early. Scientists now have such accurate clocks that they can detect a difference of a thousandth of a second. It is now assumed that the earth has been rotating a bit faster on its axis in the last 50 years and has decreased by 0.05 milliseconds in an average day. Of course, it doesn't seem like much. In addition, July 19,  2020 saw a decrease of 1.44602 millisecond in 24 hours in the day. 2. According to scientists, the maximum temperature in this universe can be 1.42×10 32 Celsius. That's 142 nonillion degrees Celsius. This means that this higher temperature can never be achieved. This is also called Planck temperature. There can be no higher temperature in this univer...

Every day new discoveries and objects discovered in space. One of these is the Nebula. Nebulas are a very special part of creation. Today we are on this Earth only because of the Nebula. Our star, the earth and whatever is part of our solar system would once have been in the nebula only in the form of gas and dust. All the stars and planets are formed in the nebula. By the way, the nebulas itself look like a different and beautiful. Because the irregular expanding gas in it gives it a beautiful shape. It can be of many types. Like Emission nebula, they are the most colourful because they contain ionized gases. Due to this they emit light of different wavelengths. There are other similar nebulae, such as Planetary Nebula, the reflection nebula, the dark nebula and supernova Remnants. The Hubble Space Telescope was launched on April, 24 1990 and has performed millions of observations in interstellar space and is doing. It doesn’t know how much beautiful nebula it has captured. Whos...

We all must have heard about star clusters. A group of stars is known as a cluster. Clusters can be of two types open cluster, and globular cluster. Some time ago a planet named Methuselah was considered to be the oldest planet in the universe. In fact, the planet was also found as a globularcluster . Omega Centauri is located at a distance of 17,090 light years from us. This cluster is the most massive cluster ever discovered. In a globular cluster, stars are very close to each other and are tightly bound by Gravity.  All the stars revolve around the galactic core. But Omega Centauri is considered to be the most massive cluster ever. It is estimated to have more than 10 million stars in it. This cluster is so large that its diameter is about 150 light years. It is also known as NGC 5139 or Cald well 80 . This is the largest massive cluster ever discovered in the Milky Way galaxy. This cluster can be easily seen from the earth with the naked eyes.  All the stars in it are...

1. Today we are well aware those Black holes are the objects that have a greater gravity than any other object in the universe. But do you know why they are known by the word “ Black hole ”? Of course, black holes were predicted a hundred years ago. But the word black hole was first used by the American astronomers John Wheeler In 1967 . 2. The temperature of the accretion disc outside a blackhole can reach millions of degree Celsius. But you may surprise to know that studies have shown that the central temperature of a supermassive black hole can be up to 1.4×10 -14 kelvin. This is an extremely freezing temperature. This temperature is very close to absolute zero but not equal to absolute zero. In fact the absolute zero temperature is -273 0 15 Celsius. At this temperature, the movement of atoms stops completely. If we talk about the coldest place, it is NASA’s Cold Atom Laboratory with a temperature of -273 degree Celsius. This is also exactly one degree less than absolute ze...